The miners lay in ambush for cars delivering materials to strikebreakers and shot at them. Martin County Heres just one example, from around the 80-minute mark of the film, when two young men show the filmmakers the place where their friend was shot minutes ago. Barbara Kopplesfirst feature film,Harlan County,USA, a chronicle of a 13-month long Brookside mine strike in the Appalachian region of East Kentucky in the early 1970s, is a great documentarythough, arguably, its not a good one. Bloody Harlan. During the strike, there were scattered arrests at the picket sitesabout 40, according to the policeand both strikers and company officials reported that shots had been fired into their homes and company buildings. What was Bloody Harlan? Billy Carroll Bruner, 39, a foreman at the Eastover mine, was wounded in . [11] As national political support for the NIRA dwindled, capital gained the upper hand, and when the United States Supreme Court struck down the legislation's pro-union National Recovery Administration portion, shops with union presence in Harlan dwindled from eighteen to one. But he didn't come home that night. Despite headway by the unions, the battle for Harlan County between labor and capital continued. Sheriff Blair was voted out of office in 1933 and died in 1934, replaced by T. R. Middleton, a candidate who ran on a pro-union platform. The union agreed not to authorize a strike against Eastover between now and the time a new contract agreement is reached. R S. Warsaw. Sadly, Harlan Countys troubles persisted through most of the 1930s, still known throughout the region as the Bloody Harlan years. The scabs were coming at the cameraman first. Days Of Darkness-- John Ed Pearce 5. Federal soldiers were routinely dispatched to the coal fields in response to what one governor called a reign of terror.. The UMWA also organized a march outside of Duke headquarters in North Carolina. I just felt honored to be able to photograph it. It was really early in the morning. WILLIAM BRUNER OBITUARY. 4.6 out of 5 (106 ratings) GENDER Male. Buffy Sainte-Marie: Carry It On gives the iconic Cree singer her due. I said, Why didnt you tell me? They said, Because we didnt want you to leave. I said, I wouldnt have left!. In Episode 2 of the The Drunk Projectionist, producer and host Todd Melby interviewed Barbara Kopple about Harlan County USA, her impressive first film.The 1976 documentary won an Academy Award. Organizer Garfield Lewis wrote, The people have been so starved out that they are flocking into the Union by the thousands . That made me think a lot too. What happened to Bill Bruner Harlan County? IN Lowell W Smith R I. Urbarva. Perhaps even Homer didnt get the siege of Troy historically right, but he found the key to plant that war story in our collective imaginations. I didnt care. Mineworkers and their families in Harlan County, Kentucky, have blockaded the railroad tracks of a deadbeat employer. Barbara Kopple's first feature film, Harlan County, USA, a chronicle of a 13-month long Brookside mine strike in the Appalachian region of East Kentucky in the early 1970s, is a great documentarythough, arguably, it's not a "good" one.. Strike benefits are $100 weekly for a family, $90 for a couple, and $80 for a single man. The NLRB Administrative Law Judge, Manrice Bush, concluded, "From the record as a whole, I find and conclude that Eastover deliberately insisted on the nonacceptable no strike clause for the purpose of avoiding coming to terms with the Respondent union on any kind of collective bargaining agreement.". The Dreiser Committee also discovered the labor folk singer Aunt Molly Jackson and her younger half-brother Jim Garland, putting them on a tour of 38 states to raise funds for the strikers. More evidence that indigenous people all over the world were right when they said cameras steal souls. 88.9%. That's so sad. Eastover agreed to rehire the 59 employees who had gone on strike and been dismissed. The replacement workers often drove through the picket lines, injuring the striking workers. Cal Winslow is the author of Radical Seattle: The General Strike of 1919, along with Labors Civil War in California. For the episode of Justified, see, Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature, Murder of workers in labor disputes in the United States, List of incidents of civil unrest in the United States, "Hall of Fame: Power of Arts & Creative Expression -", "TROOPS WATCH AS HARLAN VOTES: Turbulent County Ballots Heavily", "TROOPS AGAIN MOVE ON HARLAN COUNTY: Occupation of Kentucky Area", "Prepare to Meet Thy God: War in the Harlan County Coal Fields", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Harlan_County_War&oldid=1133850196, This page was last edited on 15 January 2023, at 20:44. Holly Hunter and Ted Levine are the main characters. Crawling kingsnake (6:09) Louise (4:24) Poor boy a long way from home (4:09) Stay all night (5:44) Going down south (3:49) Coal black Mattie (3:48) Do the romp (5:01) Sad days, lo The Harlan County coal miners campaigned and fought to . "The Little Old Log Cabin in the Lane" - Fiddlin' John Carson (Okeh 4890) (1923) 2. Mineworkers and their families in Harlan County, Kentucky, have blockaded the railroad tracks of a deadbeat employer. LANGUAGES SPOKEN English. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. Bill Bruner is scot-free. Veterans have proven to be an asset to the Laboratory and bring a unique background and skillset in service to the nation. By June 17, the last mine had returned to work. The rank-and-file group Miners for Democracy (MFD) was organized at the funeral. Title cards throughout Harlan County, U.S.A. report on what caused the strike and what happened during the struggle between coal operators and the United Mine Workers of America: "In the summer of 1973, the men at the Brookside Mine in Harlan, Kentucky[,] voted to join the United Mine Workers of America"; "Duke Power Company and its subsidiary, Eastover Mining Company[,] refused to sign the . The Global NonviolentAction Database is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationallicense unless otherwise noted. Everybody had guns. Billy Carroll Bruner, 39, a foreman at the Eastover mine, was wounded in the shootout and charged with the killing. As I watched the movie, I wasnt exactly sure what was happening, just that it was chaos. You may only read this site if you've purchased, Posted by: Mike Meyer at June 13, 2007 12:42 AM, Posted by: Donald Johnson at June 13, 2007 09:49 AM, Posted by: Ajit at June 13, 2007 01:31 PM. Hes asking you for your press pass. The wives, mothers, sisters, and daughters of the striking miners createdthe Brookside Women's Club (BWC)on 27 September 1973. The coal miners, lean and tough from Kentucky mountain life, knew how to fight back. The name comes from the nearly century-long and sometimes violent struggle between coal companies and workers seeking to unionize. On April 1, Harlan County is 200 years old. His Freedom House biography says he was in UMW from 1972 to 1976 and later Special Assistant and Speechwriter to the Vice President of USA, 1977 to 1981. POV engages filmmakers and film lovers in conversations about the art of non-fiction. The strikers received some of the highest strike benefits ever paid by the U.M.W.$80 a week for a single man, $90 for a couple and $100 for a family. Eastover and Duke brought in replacement workers at the beginning of the strike. Murdered while on a picket line in Harlan County KY, After his death an agreement was signed between the miners and the union!Lawrence Dean Jones.Birth27 Aug 1950 Harlan County, Kentucky, USADeath28 Aug 1974 (aged 24) Harlan County, Kentucky, USA2 more rows The main goal of the strike was the right of the workers to form a union as part of the UMWA. Boy, that Freedom House sure sounds like a bunch of fascists, dunnit? Youre not really supposed to do that, but they did, and it was very filmic. So did Barbara Kopple withHarlan County,USA. The number of miners murdered by mine guards remains unknown. Blair. So he made his turn in a fairly short time Harlan County USA is one of my favorite movies. Stinking Creek-- John Fetterman 7. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. Before its conclusion, an unknown number of miners, deputies and bosses would be killed, state and federal troops would occupy the county more than half a dozen times, two acclaimed folk singers would emerge, union membership would oscillate wildly and workers in the nation's most anti-labor coal county would ultimately be represented by a union. Anyone can read what you share. save the topic. But the strike still caused economic hardship, especially among the poorer people in Harlan County. The strikers reported attempted bribery to denounce the union, being shot at numerous times, having dynamite thrown at them, shots fired into their homes, and constant verbal threats. IN PROSECUTING ATTORNEY FOR THE 54TH JUDICIAL CIRCUIT CONSISTING OF THE COUNTY OF KOSCIUSKO Michael L Miner R 2. I think with Harlan County there are so many moments that its hard to pick just one. Working miners made as little as eighty cents a day and worked only a few days a month.". Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. [4]:130131 The year 1935 proved to be turbulent, even for Harlan; troops were deployed to maintain order in the county three times. About 200 miners, some of whom walked off their jobs in support of the Brookside miners, will be affected by the outcome of the election. The strikers made bumper stickers supporting their cause and drove around the community in a truck with loudspeakers to explain their grievances and hopefully gain support. Along with opposing the UMWA union, Eastover management also wanted a 'no-strike' clause to be included in any final contract. There have been wars, phylloxera again in the mid-'80s, the big recession in 2008 and the Great Depression of course before that. California labor activist Caroline Decker first became involved in union activities during the Harlan County War, when she and her sister participated in relief activities for striking miners. She was the daughter of a Kentucky coal miner and married to Sam Reece, an organizer for the radical National Miners Union, then embroiled in the bloody 1931 Harlan County War. Do they still mine coal in Harlan County Kentucky? Kopple unfolds the story with ellipses, flashbacks and digressions. A striking coal miner was in critical condition last night in Harlan County, Ky., after being struck in the head by a shotgun blast. Partial Transcript: August 27, '86. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FCOd7fPHmfU. Maybe you can tell us how you started Harlan County. Throughout the strike, the campaigners set up picket lines to try to prevent replacement workers from working at the coal mine. Some women in the BWC stabbed a police officers after he had dragged one of them away from the picket line. Liam Lacey is a freelance writer for Original-Cin.ca and POV, Canadas premiere magazine about documentaries and independent films. She talks about hiding behind cars on the picket line for protection from the "gun thugs." She talks about a standoff against Basil Collins and the scabs and gun thugs. Updated November 23, 2021 12:21 PM. Mr. Bruner was shot by someone in the crowd when he tried to leave. On 24 August 1974 a mine supervisor named Billy C. Bruner shot and killed a 23-year-old striker, Lawrence D. Jones. Harlan became one of the poorest counties in the United States. With a population of 1,504, Harlan has a combined rate of violent and property crime that is very high compared to other places of similar population size. An open shop allows union membership but does not mandate it. 2.54. This gives it a little extra dollop of bleakness. [4]:32 Only three of Harlan's incorporated towns were not owned by mines, hungry and evicted workers and their families sought refuge in them, primarily in the town of Evarts. Although largely nonviolent, the BWC made no commitment to nonviolent discipline. At that point a young UMW staffer named Bernie Aronson, part of the union reform movement, appears: As I watched this I thought: Bernie AronsonBernie Aronsonwhere have I seen that name before? . Most are missing a minimum of one and sometimes more vital amino acids your Pom needs.Lots of today's dog foods (including the costly, popular . Donald Turner, 58, was charged with first . At the peak of the first strike, 5,800 miners were idle and only 900 working. The main goal of the strike was the right of the workers to form a union as part of the UMWA. Revisiting Barbara Kopples Harlan County, USA. Some people say, 'I don't take sides I'm neutral.' Violence continued against the workers and community. The death shocked the community and received widespread attention throughout the nation. You have to be on one side or the other. to an old Baptist hymn, 'Lay the Lily Low'. Which side are you on? We dont see you, but we can hear you interact. . What this means is that Harlan County as a political unit and cultural construct is that old; however, the history of modern Harlan County begins with the movement of people of European origin along with, in many instances, the people of African origin whom they held enslaved into southwest Virginia . Microfilmed records can be found online at Kentucky, Probate Records, 1792-1977 for Caldwell, Henry, Hickman, Russell and Trimble counties. Lawrence Jones, 22 years old, a union member, was wounded in a shootout during the weekend, and died yesterday. Bruner joined LLNL in 2009, after retiring as a colonel from the United States Air . The present contract expires Nov. 12. See, the pissants carrying offa goddamn mans brain. The miners had guns and the strikebreakers had guns. And theres the films unusually potent soundscape, which Kopple herself recorded: the high rasp of a miner warning of an imminent explosion; the union bullhorn cutting the morning air calling for picketers; the hubbub of a street parade; the wall-to-wall traditional music, including political calls to arms, songs of joy and plaintive grief and calls to solidarity, that chain the present to the past. The 2000 television movie Harlan County War starred Holly Hunter. The incidents involved coal miners and union organizers on one side and coal firms and law enforcement officials on the other. I had a purpose. Which Side Are You On? was written in the immediate aftershock of a midnight raid on Reeces home and her children by Harlan County sheriff J. H. Blair, in search of her husband. . -Who shot him? It outlawed yellow-dog contracts, company unions, blacklists and discrimination on basis of union activity, all tactics employed by coal companies. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". The Global NonviolentAction Database is aproject of Swarthmore College, including the Peace and Conflict Studies Program, the Peace Collection, and the Lang Center for Civic and Social Responsibility. They had invited executives from Duke Power and Eastover Mining to meet with them, but they refused. Also, I had all these wonderful people that were putting up everything that they had for the right to have a union. Barbara Kopple: I dont know. The 103-minute film reaches its first dramatic climax at around the hour mark, when the Womens Club stands in the roadway to the mine, singing and facing down the sheriff and the scab labor in a convoy behind him. [4]:47, In the wake of the UMW failure, the Communist National Miners Union (NMU) made a brief play for Harlan County. You think you have a certain idea, but you have to let that leave your mind and let whatever happens happen and just go with it. (Robert Gumpert / Appalshop Archive). With contributions by John dos Passos, Samuel Ornitz and others, Dreiser produced a report called Harlan Miners Speak: Report on Terrorism in the Kentucky Coal Fields. Then one of the striking miners is murdered, and no one is prosecuted. Barbara Kopple: Oh, I dont know, but when we started getting low, Id say, please and [my father] would do it. Victory photo after the miners of the Highsplint mine voted to join the UMWA. 3 min read. Which side are you on? Wow. He treats each of his patients as if they are part of his family. Its a very supportive time now for documentaries, so dont be afraid; follow your instincts and go for it and dont let anyone stop you. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. The Harlan County War, or Bloody Harlan, was a series of coal mining-related skirmishes, executions, bombings, and strikes (both attempted and realized) that took place in Harlan County, Kentucky, during the 1930s. After the railroad arrived in 1911 . Florence Reece wrote the song. who died Wednesday at Harlan Appalachian Regional Hospital from gunshot wounds. Harlan County, USA is a 1976 American documentary film covering the "Brookside Strike", a 1973 effort of 180 coal miners and their wives against the Duke Power Company-owned Eastover Coal Company's Brookside Mine and Prep Plant in Harlan County, southeast Kentucky.It won the Academy Award for Best Documentary at the 49th Academy Awards.. It was settled in 1819 by Virginians led by Samuel Howard and was known as Mount Pleasant until renamed in 1912 for Major Silas Harlan, who was killed during the American Revolution at the Battle of Blue Licks (August 19, 1782). Shortly after Jones' death, 29 August 1974, the Eastover Mining Company offered a contract to the striking workers. Barbara Kopple: I guess that day was the scariest moment because I went up to one of the organizers and said, Do you think theyre going to shoot at us today?. The owners of the mine, Eastover Coal Company, a subsidiary of Duke Power Company, refused to sign the new contracts, which would have established a UMWA local in Brookside. Bill Bruner, the foreman who shot and killed Jones, was eventually put on trial for the death. Then youll really be telling a story that is real and has a sense of truthfulness. I can't understand how people sell out so completely. The 1973 UMWA Convention in Pittsburgh was a celebration of workers democracy and workers power. What happens to atoms during chemical reaction? Subscribe today and get a yearlong print and digital subscription. This is based on the events in Harlan County, Ky. during the early 1970's strike. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. </p> <p>Buy Gift Cards. The strikers won, but only after thirteen months and the murder of a young miner, Lawrence Jones, aged twenty-two. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. I had a purpose and I could ask questions and I felt okay. Working with patients on their unique treatment plan that meets their family needs and health goals so they can return back . OVERVIEW. There are many dangling questions, large and small. WASHINGTON, Aug. 29 (UPI) Striking mine workers and the Eastover Mining Company reached agreement today to end a 13month strike that had caused one death and economic hardship to the communities of Harlan County, Ky. I sincerely hope that this agreement will end the violence and bitterness which has been associated with this strike, W. J. Usery, director of the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service, said in announcing the agreement. The Park County Sheriff's Office, . Harlan miners started to organize in the 1920s, a struggle that culminated in a long and violent strike in 1931. Harlan County was fighting for the right to have a union. By the end of the campaign the miners had been subjected to over 90 arrests and 40 acts of violence. Today, US coal comes mostly from the Western plains, dug out by huge earth-moving machinery and carried to the coasts on mile-long, dust-spewing trains. Barbara Kopple: We were all in a meeting. In 1959, when Lewis retired, the union had been reduced to 180,000 members, and the southern coalfields, Harlan included, were non-union once again. Because the reels only recorded 10 minutes, were there times when you hesitated to turn on the camera because, Oh my God, this is costing us.. Barbourville -- William "Ed" Bruner, 62, Hopper Funeral Home. And you're right, it's a great doc, and director Barbara Kopple is a cool, nice person. I went in front of him thinking I was so strong and invincible and you hear me get knocked over. What a buncha Nazi evildoers! This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. IN Bill Rogge . Buffy Sainte-Marie: Carry It On gives the iconic singer her due. -Got shot in the damn head. Organizers were shot at, their homes gassed. 2 How long did the Harlan County strike last? Eastover agreed to drop all charges against the striking miners in court and before the National Labor Relations Board. 9MM Beretta and an AK-47 style assault rifle were stolen during the robbery that happened at the Longs' house. He hired two drifters in a Cleveland bar, and on New Years Eve, they murdered Yablonksi, his wife, and his daughter in their beds. Lastly, of course, is the gruesome slaying of striking miner Lawrence Jones by scab Bill Bruner. The mine owners have as little regard as ever for the lives of miners and their families. In Episode 2 of the The Drunk Projectionist, producer and host Todd Melby interviewed Barbara Kopple about Harlan County USA, her impressive first film. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. No one knows who fired the first shot but when it was over four were . The strikers expected protection but upon replacing deputized mine guards, the National Guard broke the picket lines instead. Miners and their families responded by occupying the railroad tracks to keep the still-loaded trains from carrying coal away till they were paid. Ive got to think the advice is Once you go, dont leave.. The strikers were not themselves entirely nonviolent. Dr. Harlan J. Bruner is a Neurosurgeon in Lawrenceville, GA. Find Dr. Bruner's phone number, address, insurance information and more. 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