This is encapsulated in the Land Use Act promulgated in 1978, which states that all lands in Nigeria belong to the Federal Government, this include but not limited to under-water land that is 200 nautical miles from the shore. 5 Princes Gate Court, Evacuation of the tree stumps lead to the loss of many soil organisms from their habitat. Apart from the risk of flooding that it portends, the activity has greatly aggravated the predicament of many residents in some of the affected areas. But in the Niger Delta landscape reclamation is used to convert coastal areas to terrestrial areas. This means they would be the ready pool of labour for construction projects and their tenements will be enhanced by the investment flowing into the site., Allaying the fears of the people, the commissioner said: The Lagos state government, as a responsible entity, pursues a policy of ensuring that Environmental Impact Assessment is done by every individual or corporate body that seeks to embark on projects. The problem is that mangroves provide numerous ecosystem services to the local people while the palms provide no ecosystem service to the people. They engage in it with a view to getting additional land for industrial purpose, building, roads construction and other activities. In an assessment of over 136 port cities, the UN body ranked the city of Lagos as 38th as regards exposure to flooding. Probably half of The Netherlands is a reclaimed land from the sea. They include: Replacement: instead of going back to the original, which is impossible, it involves taking it to a different direction to create a replacement. Map of Niger Delta Nigeria (circled) bordering the Atlantic Ocean has the biggest mangrove forests in Africa. Industry experts are also concerned with the level of compliance with existing Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Act No. Coastal area is in serious danger from land reclamation in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Artificial islands are an example of land reclamation. Concrete bases are constructed on this platform to carry the pipes from the drilling point, which may be at an off-shore or on-shore site to the refinery. Developmental activities are carried out in them through collaboration between Lagos state government and private developers. Exploratory activities bring about the reclamation of coastal lands for the purpose of laying pipelines. Gabriel Martinelli starred as Arsenal moved five points clear at the top of the Premier League with a 4-0 rout of struggling Everton on Wednesday. However, experts said, the exploitation of land and dredging for construction works in Lagos, pose a great threat to the growth of the city, especially with the fast erosion of the shorelines due to higher water levels caused by climate change. Narrating their ordeal to Premium Times last year, the residents whose hope of economic survival has been tampered with, have tales of woe to tell concerning their awful experience. Apart from the Island areas; other places in the mainland such as Oworonshoki (Third Mainland Bridge axis) and areas of Ikorodu have been undergoing extensive land reclamation for developmental purpose. Dredged and sand filled areas in Buguma, Niger Delta, Nigeria. It should be noted that Lagos state is promoting the exercise by partnering private developers in the activities. 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Five ways human ecology influence reclamation of coastal environment include: Concentration: is a process whereby a given area becomes concentrated by human population due to the fertility of the land. Jakarta, the fastest sinking city in the world, made a plan in 2014 to tackle rising sea levels and subsidence. I hope they are being done according to the best practices in order to protect the ecosystem., He concluded by saying that: land reclamation for the purpose of constructing properties in commercial quantities is risky.. Therefore, the best option is to remediate it so that it will carry out its ecological functions even if it results to another landform. The presence of mangroves along the coast stabilizes and reinforces the soil against erosion. On the Ejigbo development, Dr. Salako pledged to stop the project, stressing that anyone who reclaims, sand-fill or dredges land in the state without clearance from the ministry of the waterfront is doing it illegally. I have this example for you. Loss of trees leads to increased soil erosion and increased sedimentation of river. Answer this Cultural activity such as fish farming results in the reclamation of coastal areas and the balkanization of river tributaries. An example of this pattern of landscape reclamation is found in a place called Eagle Island, Niger Delta where the mangrove forests were cut down and sand filled and later the area was used for developmental project (Figure 6). It is the forceful or legal takeover of coastal area by individuals or government officials. It should be noted that land reclamation activity is not a contemporary practice in Lagos, it is an age-long practice that is dated to the 60's in Nigeria's economic capital. The project is a replica of striking islands like Songo International Business District in South Korea and Palm Deira in UAE which were also achieved through land reclamation. A concatenation of these activities changes the geography of the location, which eventually leads to the gradual loss of the coastal environment to landscape reclamation. Examples of artificial islands in Nigeria include Banana Island, Ikoyi, Lagos, Gracefield Island, Lekki, Lagos, The Eko Atlantic, Victoria Island, and Lagos. Although they were not significantly different from each site (F2, 12=0.19, P=0.83). Population increase has led to the migration of people towards the coastal locations. This is because of land expansion activities such as urban development. This could lead to the death of soil dwelling organisms. The sand mining activity was abandoned after 2 years of operation. (A) Graph of species population along sampling points (T1, T2 and T3) indicates a decrease in number of species from point T1 (high nutrient content) to point T3 (low nutrient content); and (B) graph of concentration of physico-chemicals along within sites T1, T2 and T3. Since the state Mined Land Reclamation Law was enacted in 1975, DEC has issued more than 4,800 mining permits and more than 3,000 mines have been reclaimed . But in the last two months I have not caught a single fish. It is business on the part of those doing it because poor people dont benefit from the houses being built on the reclaimed land. The dredged soil that is evacuated from the river bottom is dumped on land surface and smothers coastal vegetation such as mangroves. It involves human beings because they are the ones that cause problems for biodiversity. Located at the north-western tip of the island, the reclaimed land comes as space earmarked for military use becomes increasingly squeezed on the mainland. Thus mangroves are natural land reclaimers. The Great Wall of Lagos will ensure that everyone living and working within the 10 square kilometres (6.2 miles) of reclaimed land for Eko Atlantic and the population of Victoria Island are protected from the sea, Frame assured. *Address all correspondence to: aroloyen@yahoo.com. A perfect example is a fishing community called Ago-Egun which is located at the outskirt of Bariga axis in Lagos. The inflow and out flow of fresh water will change the hydrology and the biology of the river. Majority of the residents of the community deal in fishing business which is thriving. Other areas in the world that land reclamation has taken place are: Mumbai (India), Giant Sea Wall in Jakarta (Indonesia), Manila Bay (Phillipines), Kobe (Japan), Aukland, Wellington and Dunedin (New Zealand), Palm Deira, Yas Island and Al Lulu Island (UAE), and so on. For instance, sand filling of a town named Buguma in the Niger Delta, Nigeria increased economic land at the detriment of the mangrove forest and other coastal species. The sand filled area became the dumping ground for sand, where trucks evacuated the sand to buyers. Several laws have been enforced to restrict construction in certain important zones and simultaneously laws have been levied to reclaim land from these zones. Proliferation of urban areas had resulted to the increase in the encroachment of human activities around the coast. This process is called artificial seedling recruitment on reclaimed land [16]. The investment company of Lagos state, Ibile Holding Company is carrying out the project on behalf of the state. Some small towns, notably Minna, Uyo, Makurdi, Maiduguri, and Bauchi, experienced remarkable growth in population and economy after becoming state capitals. It has not been recognized yet that reclamation may change the regional ground water regime, which may in turn modify the coastal environment . Presently buildings have been erected on the site, which are occupied by some people. Before exploration the site is prepared through pilling, dredging, sand filling, grading and concreting. Sand mining activity is a lucrative business in the Niger Delta and is embarked upon by both private individuals and government officials. The African Development Bank, Africa Union and Africa50 launched the Alliance during COP27 last November with global partners: the African Union Development Agency, the. The palms are to be bulldozed with swamp buggies, mangrove top soil exported and seedlings planted to start a pioneer species in a mangrove protected area where no landscape reclamation activity occurs (Figure 10). We basically try to establish new habitat type because we cannot establish historic ecosystem. 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