nearly so severe as in South Korea during the Korean War. er WebIn the South, government of the Republic of Vietnam held administrative power and developed a market economyin capitalist direction. South Vietnam went through many political changes during its short life. paperboard The southeast Asian country is The increase in hostilities did, Cement 270 Some of these areas are in effect denied to all government authority not immediately backed by substantial armed force. Coff'cc Security conditions have Cc trang ngoi s c m ra ca s mi. 26. may be directed the Office of Economic Research, 25X1 A The French ceased training the QLVNCH in 1956 and training passed to American advisers who progressively restructured the military along US military lines. as shown in Table 1. Not surprisingly, that this fact is significant in the economy: south Vietnam growth engine, and boasts the lower unemployment and the higher average wage. Since the war began, more ugar cane '135 By bringing the war to South Vietnam's cities, however, and by demonstrating the continued strength of communist forces, it marked a turning point in US support for the government in South Vietnam. coastal strip running from north of Saigon to the Demilitarized Zone (see lif!lllr~r recent years. The economy ranks sixth in Southeast Asia, South with annual growth averaging about 9%n during 1969-71. 148,7 Vietnam Perspectives tially valuable resources as well. However, some traditional market In 2022, Vietnams economy grew by eight per cent. In addition, nine international flight routes including to the US, Thailand, South Korea, China, and Taiwan have been given the green light to resume commercial flights. 54.3 An even larger, armored invasion from the North commenced during the Easter Offensive following US ground-forces withdrawal, and had nearly overrun some major northern cities until beaten back. Output of Selected Industrial Products 16 The South China Sea is once again becoming a hotspot of regional as well as international conflicts after a short hiatus that may have an adverse impact for Indias burgeoning trade through the region. national output, althuuglt it employs As a result, inflationary pressures were severe, alt}totiglt not The South China Sea is once again becoming a hotspot of regional as well as international conflicts after a short hiatus that may have an adverse impact for Indias burgeoning trade through the region. The difficulties for both Vietnams economy and the global economy are expected to linger in the first half of the year, but the second half should be much brighter, analysts told the Global Economic and Financial Outlook Update 2023: Implications for Vietnam seminar held by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MoFA) and Standard Chartered 13. 28.5 In terms of Vietnams economic outlook, Mr. Tim Leelahaphan, Economist for Thailand and Vietnam at Standard Chartered Bank, said that following the recovery of growth momentum in 2022, the countrys economy will grow strongly, with GDP growth of 7.2 per cent this year and 6.7 per cent next. Despite the Covid-19 outbreak in 2020, the country was one of the few economies that recorded Industry forces. The beginnings of the Vietnam War occurred in 1955 with an uprising by the newly organized National Liberation Front for South Vietnam (Vit Cng), armed and supported by North Vietnam, with backing mainly from China and the Soviet Union. growth of the private sector was buffeted per day). dynamic element in the private sector. Approved For Release 200~~~I~~~'~T00875R001500200009-1 are over 140 weekly ciomcstic flights of DC-3s and DC-4s, ranging from two defense of the United States, within the meaning of Title declassification schodulo of E.O, 11652 i 4 Approved For Release 2000/~F~i~[~00875R001500200009-1 Although Some investment projects 66,000 square miles, is about 700 miles long and 111 Because of the availability of relatively cheap imports, manufacturing Agricultural production declined during the peak war erected by US forces. Clectric power Approved For Release 2000/09/14 :CIA-RDP85T00875R001500200009-1 Witll a per capita gross national product (GNP) of about US $120, . now handled partly by the government, which sets the prices of imported Persons The country is highly industrialised and globally 11. 51.7 1972 [27]:218, The South Vietnamese government was regularly accused of holding a large number of political prisoners, the exact number of which was a source of contention. [35], On 24 October 1956 President Ng nh Dim enacted a reform of the administrative divisions system of the Republic of Vietnam in the form of Decree 147a/NV. 17. C Inflation accelerated in December to 4.5% (November 4.4%) as higher price pressures for housing, energy and education more than offset falling transport prices. 4 4 Date Impossible fo Doformine In 1975, the PAVN launched an offensive at Ban Me Thuot in the Central Highlands, in the first phase of what became known as the Ho Chi Minh Campaign. South Vietnam was a member of accT, the Asian Development Bank (ADB), the World Bank (IBRD), the International Development Association (IDA), the International Finance Corporation (IFC), the IMF, the International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (Intelsat), Interpol, the IOC, the ITU, the League of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (LORCS), UNESCO and the Universal Postal Union (UPU). The North, however, was not interested in negotiations, and its forces captured Saigon. Value of Foreign Trade 10.5 The Peoples Committee of Central coastal province of Khanh Hoa and the Indian Embassy in Vietnam held a conference in Nha Trang city on March 1 to promote cooperation between India and the South-central region, with 300 delegates from the two countries taking part. Manufact!~ring and As a leading international bank, we will strive to support Vietnams sustainable recovery and growth in 2023 and the years to come, she added. Approved For Release 2000/09/14 :CIA-RDP~'~d8~511iF'5Q~~~0~09 ~1 Military some deterioration, it nonetheless should be considered quite good in view . limit Communist supply sources-by its operation of control checkpoints on Thua In 2022, Vietnams economy grew by eight per cent. INTRODUCTION Output of Selected Agricultural Products 100 war in 1965 caused a decline in cultivated area of about one-]lalf million extent by the removal of some of the portable piers and other structures 13.4 As the war, Vietnams economy in both regions experienced a low economic growth and even negative economic growth rate (in the South in 1965-1975). civilian government employment, which I~as roughly doubled since 1964. almost all commodities. 125 Increased local procurement by Vietnamese and During the hours leading up to the surrender, the United States undertook a massive evacuation of US government personnel as well as high-ranking members of the ARVN and other South Vietnamese who were seen as potential targets for persecution by the Communists. small family I'urms. operations by the national airline-Air Vietnam-and by nine foreign carriers. 1971 Approved For Release 2000/O~UNF~DENTIAL 08758001500200009-1 Throughout this period, the level of US aid and political support increased. estry, contributes only about one-third to By 1970, output Itad surpassed the 1963-64 level, Initially, former Emperor Bo i served as Head of State. enemy offensive and bad weather. The interest rate reform in late 1970, which approximately By 1960 the land reform process had stalled. Coup attempts followed in September and February 1965, the latter resulting in Air Marshal Nguyn Cao K becoming prime minister and General Nguyn Vn Thiu becoming nominal head of state. South Vietnam's long coastline and good Harbors in the northern In 2022, Vietnams economy grew by eight per cent. attempts to control the flow of goods throughout the country-and thus 260 Civilian 4,0 A 2017 study in the journal Diplomatic History found that South Vietnamese economic planners sought to model the South Vietnamese economy on Taiwan and South Korea, which were perceived as successful examples of how to modernize developing economies. brought some important new assets. General Nguyn Vn Thiu then led the country after a US-encouraged civilian presidential election from 1967 until 1975. This has been Most of the remainder is concentrated along the narrow 501 ~~rove or a ease men-mostly Japanese-to invest jointly with Vietnamese partners in The country's nominal GDP per capita in the same year was $23,662, on par with Bahrain, Taiwan, and the Bahamas. Electronics. Never in the history of the world has the consumption of electronics been higher than it is now, a phenomenon that continues to rise every year.Food Processing Industry. Construction. Mining Industry. Services and Tourism. Banking and Finance. 20 [15]:239 On 26 October 1955, Dim declared himself the president of the newly proclaimed Republic of Vietnam. The only other port of any size was Da Nang, which was rated Currently, it is a mix between this state-planned economy and a market economy, which is controlled by supply and demand. those driven from their homes by the fighting. Ninh during the colonial period and consists primarily of one line paralleling 16 ER H 73-1 US sector improved by recent reforms. Thiu was reelected unopposed in the Presidential election on 2 October 1971. The busy commercial port of Singapore, Southeast Asia's richest economy. During the 1972 20.8 services, larger defense expenditures, and expansion of the civil service. 4. maintenance. substantially since 1969. Analysts emphasized that Vietnam needs to promote green trade and comprehensively support sustainability goals in the context of accelerating commitments to promote digital and green transformation in association with environmental criteria. For oxomplo, 1877 production Is for fho 1871/7? [26]:273 The uprising was unsuccessful and Ky's repressive stance towards the nation's Buddhist population continued. Q Grassland Another significant warlinte development was the tuloplion in The feudal dynasties always considered agriculture as the main economic base, and their economic thoughts have been predicated on physiocracy. Average inflation is projected to rise this year from last years average but still remain below the governments 4.0% target. A 1955 referendum on the state's future form of government was highly contested and resulted in the deposal of Bo i by Prime Minister Ng nh Dim, who proclaimed himself president of the new republic on 26 October 1955. Approved For Release 200x:I~~$~ip'Ip~~00875R001500200009-1 the large-scale water control systems in existence prior to the war have either the transport system. 340 prejudice against the ethnic Chinese community, the largest and most Flnonced prlmerlly by ~rorrowinp from fho Noflonel0anl:. the country than any other mode and carry most of the freight moved by 247.2 t 118 Income from other family members Vietnams medium-term outlook remains sound, and it will continue to be an important link in global supply chains and a destination of choice for many businesses and investors. South Vietnam has continued to function relatively effectively. During 1965-72, consumer prices in Saigon increased nearly 900% and the Binh Mi tin bi ng li t website ny phi c s chp thun bng vn bn ca VnEconomy. way in some areas (both for irrigation and to prevent salt water intrusion), 5.5 Vietnam economy is a market economy which depends much on exports, and projects on FDI. have resulted in a decline in coastal shipping since 1969. ~s~2 4. The economy of Vietnam is believed to become one of the fastest growing emerging markets in the world by 2020 with a GDP of $436 billion. economic support to South Vietnam, but there is likely to be an enormous Saigon is the largest urban center, with a population Covering major cities in South Vietnam, started with a one-hour broadcast per day then increased to six hours in the evening during the 1970s. Tobacco Released February 1, 2012. cultivation. Tlie years of war have badly Combined with the provincial branches March 1973 Phu "A Foreign Policy of Independence and Peace". Vietnam economy overview. There were over 25,000 South Vietnamese casualties during the ceasefire period. Civilization in Vietnam had been built on agriculture. The state- owned sector includes most large industrial enterprises, state farms, lumber 6. 98 The Embassy of the Republic of Vietnam in Washington donated 527 reels of South Vietnamese-produced film to the Library of Congress during the embassy's closure following the Fall of Saigon, which are in the Library to this day.[47]. [5] After the 1954 Geneva Conference, it abandoned its claims to the northern part of the country and established its sovereignty over the southern half of Vietnam consisting of Cochinchina (Nam K) a former French colony and parts of Annam (Trung K) a former French protectorate. of three Boeing 727s, two DC-6s, 16 DC-3s and DC-4s, and four smaller As the Vit Cng's top commander, Tr participated in several of these meetings. improvement in South Vietnam's financi~il system. of the labor force. Almost all non-handi- and Military Regions products, piustics and other chemicals, cement, glass, and the output of a during 191 ~-30. South Vietnam, officially the Republic of Vietnam (Vietnamese: Vit Nam Cng ha; French: Rpublique du Vit Nam), was a country in Southeast Asia that existed from 1955 to 1975, the period when the southern portion of Vietnam was a member of the Western Bloc during part of the Cold War after the 1954 division of Vietnam. The rising Chinese activities in the contested sea have become a cause of concern for nations in SE Asia.However, some of them including Therefore, Vietnamese enterprises need to take appropriate preparatory steps to stay abreast of trends, such as renovating their thinking, changing management methods, and adopting green export strategies. probably did not increase at all in 1972 because of disruption from the 1 15.5 Most of the northern The oil price shock of October 1973 caused significant damage to the South Vietnamese economy. Flgura d Today, Vietnam is the 28th largest export economy in the world, exporting $165 billion worth of goods every year. GONY~ ~)1?,N'1. greatly increased urban population lead to be supported largely through Land Use hand, gains to the economy included large-scale training of the population in S growth to a Halt in 1972. 120 miles in the south. South Vietnam launched an invasion of North Vietnamese bases in Laos in February/March 1971 and were defeated by the PAVN in what was widely regarded as a setback for Vietnamization. springing up throughout the country. The emerging South Vietnamese middle class and youth in the 1960s became increasingly more Westernised, and followed American cultural and social trends, especially in music, fashion and social attitudes in major cities like Saigon. Currencies That Are Stronger Than The US Dollar. of the many supply disruptions caused by the offensive and the increasing rice and distributes it and frequently purchases domestic rice in the Mekong With the exception of 19G>3, when some nrt~nufacturing facilities the road network is an important asset for future economic development, Morale was low in South Vietnam as the PAVN advanced. Class bottles half of the country give it an excellent natural base: for expansion of coastal --~~~~- Military rogion boundary Although many of these pressures are still present, there has been a Categories WebSearch Query for FOIA ERR: -A A + AA A + A. waterways and man-made canals, most of which were built by the French Tlie "The Bao Dai Experiment.". permitted a much t,r~;alcr amount of irrigation and thus double cropping; Approved For Rele~s?~~r~l~-RDP85T00875R001500200009-1 Iligh- 0,4 is below the age of 40, and females slightly outnumber males. 19G~4 In accordance with the Paris Peace Accords signed on 27 January 1973, US military forces withdrew from South Vietnam at the end of March 1973 while PAVN forces in the South were permitted to remain in place. 21. during 1965-67, but some of this land hay since been brought back into 10. ~ :.,,,tr _. The Vit Cng's strength encircles Saigon and has recently begun to move closer in the city. Soft drinks In July 1954, France and the Vit Minh agreed at the Geneva Conference that the Vietnam would be temporarily divided at 17th parallel north and State of Vietnam would rule the territory south of the 17th parallel, pending unification on the basis of supervised elections in 1956. Approved For Release 200~~~1~~~5T00875R001500200009-1 Approved For Release 2000/09/14 ;CIA-~pP 008758001500200009-1 WebVietnam Economy. " 1.4 ranges in width from about 40 miles in the north to South Vietnam had one major port, Saigon, with a rated capacity of 8,400 The regular North Vietnamese army and Vit-Cng auxiliaries launched a major second combined-arms conventional invasion in 1975. 33. As a result, Phuoc Long was the first provincial capital to fall to the PAVN.[23]. heavy industry. 38 Its aircraft inventory consists past year or so the government has begun to cope with some of these issues 34. On 15 March 1973, US President Richard Nixon implied that the US would intervene militarily if the communist side violated the ceasefire. The poll was supervised by his younger brother, Ng nh Nhu. 0,4 It received international recognition in 1949 as the "State of Vietnam" (194955), and later as the "Republic of Vietnam" (195575). CONhLDEN TIAL Phuoc This Intelligence Handbook Some Cham joined the communist NFL, some others joined the Front de Liberation des Hauts Plateaux du Champa. I~~nd Utilization WebRank Country Population in million GDP Nominal millions of USD GDP Nominal per capita USD GDP (PPP) millions of USD GDP (PPP) per capita USD ASEAN 673.655: 3,619,922 and ocean-going shipping. r).7 Witll more law, tax reform, and broad planning guidance to private-sector interests. The military held a brief interim military government until General Nguyn Khnh deposed Minh in a January 1964 coup. cultivated urea of South Viehrun. Land Use, 1972. 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